DC3K 2015 Abstracts

Short Papers
Short Papers
Paper Nr: 7
Title:

Computing Semantic Textual Similarity based on Partial Textual Entailment
Authors:

Martin Víta
Abstract: With a rapidly growing amount of textual data, the task of discovering semantically similar documents is becoming more and more important. This general task is being solved in a wide range of practical applications ranging from recommender systems to plagiarism detection or duplication removal tools. The proposed doctoral project is focused on the application of a generalized concept of textual entailment to measure the semantic textual similarity. The notion of cross-lingual partial textual entailment will be introduced in order to deal with semantic textual similarity among multilingual documents.
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Paper Nr: 8
Title:

UFO-L: A Core Ontology of Legal Concepts Built from a Legal Relations Perspective
Authors:

Cristine Leonor Griffo
Abstract: Computer and Law is a transdisciplinary research field, which has received increasing attention from researchers in the past twenty-five years. The problem of presenting the legal domain has been investigated in different perspectives by researchers. One of them is the ontological perspective. Specifically, there are some kind of ontologies called legal core ontologies (LCO), which represent generic legal concepts (e.g. legal norm, legal fact, and legal relation), usable in different legal domains. Despite the efforts of researchers in the search for a computational solution that satisfactorily represent the legal domain, frequently researches have not taken into account the use of legal theories, resulting in a gap between the conceptualizations that are typically considered in the areas of Computer Science and the study of the Law. In this Ph.D. proposal, we defend the use of two pillars: legal theories and foundational ontologies. In addition, we defend, that the choice of a legal theory must take into account the needs of the contemporary juridical world. In this sense, the choice of a legal theory that does not take account the importance of principles as legal norms will result in a non-flexible computing solution, distant from the juridical reality. For this reason, we have chosen Alexy’s Theory of Fundamental Rights (Alexy, 2010). We propose removing the focus of legal norms and put it in legal relations (subjectivist view). As a result, we expect to achieve a legal core ontology that comes closer honor the current practice in the area of Law. Under the computational perspective, the construction of the LCO proposed here is based on the Unified Foundational Ontology (UFO) and propose a new layer for UFO. This layer (called UFO-L) will represent the generic legal concepts extracted from selected legal theories. In short, this research aims to answer the following questions: Is the use of ontologies effective to represent the contemporary legal world from the legal relations perspective? What benefits does the LCO provide for modeling legal domains?
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Paper Nr: 9
Title:

Increasing the Amount of Knowledge Reuse from Engineering Design Repositories - A Research on the Needs and Behaviours of Novice Designers
Authors:

Cristina Carro Saavedra and Udo Lindemann
Abstract: Engineering design is a knowledge-intensive activity that can be supported by knowledge reuse. Knowledge reuse is especially relevant for novice designers that are not familiarized with the specific knowledge of the company. Companies make efforts acquiring and storing their knowledge but this knowledge is usually not applied and reminds unused in the repositories, especially during early phases of design. The reasons for the lack of reuse are still unclear. A shortcoming of current studies about barriers for knowledge reuse is that they do not deepen enough in the barriers existing at the level of designers. More understanding of designers’ needs and behaviours while reusing knowledge from company’s repositories is required. This research presents an approach based on design workshops and interviews in order to gain more understanding on the phenomena. Influent factors for novice designers during reuse from repositories, situations for knowledge reuse and types of knowledge to be reused will be analysed. Based on these insights, an approach to support novice designers for knowledge reuse is proposed. The support will be evaluated in iterative design experiments.
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